I-manifold, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-distribution manifold, iyingxenye eyinhloko yesistimu yokushisa ngaphansi komhlaba. Ikhanyisa ikakhulu ukuhlanganisa amaphayiphi amakhulu okuphakelayo nokubuyisela amanzi futhi ihlukanisa amanzi ashisayo kuzo zonke izixhumanisi zokushisa.

Isakhiwo Esiyisisekelo Nezisebenzi: I-manifold iqukethe ipayipi elikhulu lokusabalalisa (elixhunywe nephayiphi yokuhlinzeka) kanye nephayiphi elikhulu lokuqoqwa (elixhunywe nephayiphi yokubuyisela). Ipayipi elikhulu lokusabalalisa lisabalalisa amanzi ashisayo kumapayipi okushisa aphansi egumbini ngalinye, kanti iphayi elikhulu lokuqoqwa liqoqe amanzi abuyayo. Imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko ifaka phakathi ukucindezela, ukwehlisa ucindezelo, ukuzinza kocindezelo, nokusabalalisa ukuhamba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba kwamanzi ashisayo okujwayelekile.

Izinsiza ngokuvamile zifaka ama-valve ebhola, ama-valve okulawula ukuhamba, izikhala zomoya, kanye nezihlungi, ezisetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi, ukususa umoya, nokuhlungwa kokungcola.

Ukuhlukaniswa Nezici: Ngokusekelwe emsebenzini nasestructure, ama-manifolds angahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo ezintathu:

Uhlobo Oluyisisekelo: Lwakhiwe ngama-valve ebhola kanye nesikhala somoya esenziwa ngesandla, sinikeza kuphela ukulawula okuyisisekelo kokuvula/nokuvala ngaphandle kokulawula ukuhamba.

Uhlobo Olujwayelekile: Luthuthukiswe nge-valve yokulawula ukuhamba kanye ne-automatic air vent, evumela ukulungiswa okunembile kwesilinganiso sokuhamba kuzo zonke izixhumanisi; amamodeli athile asekelwa ukulungiswa okukh intelligent. **Uhlobo Olusebenza:** Luhlanganisa ukuboniswa kokushisa/nengcindezi, ukuxuba okuzenzakalelayo, ukukala kokushisa, ukulawula kokushisa okwenziwe ngezifunda, kanye nezici zokulawula kude, ezifanele izinhlelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kokwakhiwa, ihlukaniswe ibe yizinguqulo zaseKorea nezaseYurophu: inguqulo yaseKorea inezakhiwo ezilula nezindleko eziphansi, ezifanele ukushisa okuyisisekelo ngaphansi komhlaba; inguqulo yaseYurophu inezici eziphelele kakhulu kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokuhlakanipha, ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezindlini ezisezingeni eliphezulu noma ezinhlelweni zokushisa ezizimele.

**Izidingo Zokwakha Nokufaka:** Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugqwala, i-manifold ivamise ukwenziwa ngezinto ezivimbela ukugqwala ezifana ne-copper ehlanzekile noma insimbi engagqwali; insimbi ye-cast kufanele igwenywe. 1. Ngesikhathi sokufaka, kufanele ibekwe ngokuhlangene odongeni noma ebhokisini elikhethekile (njengoba kukhishini). I-manifold kufanele ibe okungenani ngama-30 cm phezulu komhlaba. Kufanele kufakwe ifilitha ekugcineni. Uhlelo lokuxhuma luyi: ipayipi lokuhlinzeka → ivali ye-shut-off → ifilitha → i-manifold → ipayipi lokushisa ngaphansi komhlaba → ikholi → ipayipi lokubuyisela.

**Ukusetshenziswa Nok maintenance:** Ngaphambi kokushisa unyaka nonyaka, ivali ye-air vent kufanele ivulwe ukuze kususwe umoya emaphaketheni. I-filter kufanele ihlanzwe njalo ukuze kugcinwe amaphakethe ehlanzekile. Uma ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ivolumu yamanzi ehambayo ingancishiswa. Ebusika, uma ukushisa kungasetshenziswa, amanzi emaphaketheni kufanele aphume ukuze kugwenywe ukujula nokuphuka. ‌